Precision Agriculture Technician Role

Precision Agriculture Technician Role For a daily task of a precision agriculture technician is collect data for yields for corn or beans or anything like that. Or i could use geospatial technologies to collect data to find out how much nitrogen there is in the ground. The training you would need is basic like how to run microsoft excel and learn how to collect data and put in microsoft excel.You have to have a associates degree.Im looking to work in oklahoma.I would earn about 85,000 dollars a year. The benefits of this job would be working alone in a office or tractor. Having quite a bit of days off. Eventually I could be my own boss. After I work for a while i would be making close to 89,000 dollars. The extra education would be associates or bachelors for more money per year. Plus once you got the job you would need training and a little bit of experience with the computers in the tractor before you go mess with software designing and data and stuff like that. I picked to work in oklahoma is because i think it is nice out there and the only thing out there is land so land is cheaper. So I could have a goat farm like i wanted to and have 50 acres for grain production and 10 acres for goats and other stuff I need for them. The career in long term will help me with paying plus if i have a wife she would help me to if she worked. Then if we had kids we could easily put them through 4-h and mabey even national shows. The job would help me at home so i could go home and test new technologies before anybody else. This job would affect me greatly because if they ever released new technologies and didnt want to release it until they knew it actually worked i could take it home and test it and then that would make my grain production better every year. Then the better grain production is means i can buy more land and buy more goats. I could also sell the goats to even make more money so i could buy permint technology for my tractors that would make grain production better and then the circle keeps going. Plus I would start to learn every body from the community. I dont want to work in a town like indianapolis but more like monticello or smaller than lafayette. This job will effect my friends by not seeing them but maybe once every 5 years or so. But that doesnt affect me because that would be good because i dont like to many people from my school . On my goat ranch i would hope to have a dirt small aircraft landing and my own small airplane to go see my parents or they could come see me. And if they wanted to they could stay at my house or something like that because im pretty sure i would build a big house incase of any surprises. Or i could even put some baby goats or have an office in the house for computer software designer for self driving tractors. I dont think it would affect my social life because my social life is my goats and animals because i dont have friends. So i would still find like 4 friends and hang out with them on friday nights but for the most part i would spend my time at work or at home playing with goats. I think i would still travel but i would probable have one of my friend stake care of my goats so i know they are safe but i would still like to hunt and take my dad to alaska or somewhere up there to go elk hunting. Overall the job would pay starting out around 45,000 dollars a year and after like 4 years it would be around 87,000. What i would do with that money is buy me around 20 acres of field 10 acres of woods for hunting and 10 acres for farming with barns and goats and then the dirt track small airport. After a few years of paying everything off lie vehicles and michinalenous i would travel some and buy a rv. The benefits of the job will help me greatly because i can use it for grain production and then to buy goats and different stuff Plus it would help me in my job learning how to use all of this new technologies so when i go to install it for a customer i can explain everything to him. I would teach my kids to fish and hunt and about agriculture but by the time they are born the will know everything and will know better than me because agriculture is just technologies you dont even need the farmer no more thats why this job is so needed and its especially needed in oklahoma because all the ground is flat and goes forever so a lot of farms own a lot of acer sand they dont have the time to waste on planting one field when they could be planting five fields and later that season by harvesting all five at the same time

Camp Medicines

LIST OF MEDICINES AVAILABLE FOR CAMPAND INDOOR RSBY PATIENTS: (BODELI GENERAL HOSPITAL, BODELI) 02665-220712/222711/220712, www. bodeligeneralhospital. com ( Medicines can be prescribed for 3 days. ) SR NO. | GENERIC NAME| TRADE NAME| STRENGTH | NOS. | REMARKS ( CONTACT FOR QUERY/ DOUBTS| | ENT| | | | CONTACT DR J. SHROFF 09824299422| 1| TAB CEFADROXYL | DAX500| 500mg| 840| | 2| TAB CEFADROXYL | DAX250| 250mg| 400| | | TAB DICLOFENAC + PARACETAMOL| -| -| -| N/A(AVAILABLE SEPARATELY)| 4| TAB DIOMINIC DA/SIMILAR DECONGESTENT| -| -| -| AVAILABLE SEPARATELY| 5| CIPROFLOXACIN &DEXAMETHASONE EAR DROPS| -| -| 60| | 6| GENTAMYCIN EAR DROPS| -| -| 60| | 7| OTRIVIN NASAL DROPS/OTHER NASAL DROPS| -| -| -| N/A| | | | | | | | GENERAL SURGERY , GEN MEDICINE , OBST. &GYNAEC. ,ORTHOPAEDICS (MEDICINES OTHER THAN ALREADY LISTED ABOVE)| | | | CONTACT DR J . BHOWMICK 02665-220712/222711| | | | | | | 1| TAB LASIX (FRUSEMIDE)| TAB FRUSMIDE| 40| 250| | | TAB IRON| -| | 1000| | 3| TAB B COMPLEX/MULTIVITAMIN | TAB INTABION| | 1200| | 4| TAB DERIPHYLLINE| TAB DERICIP| | 460| | 5| TAB FAMOTIDINE| TAB FAMONEXT| 20| 3100| | 6| TAB ANTACID| -| -| N/A| | 7| TAB PARACETAMOL| TAB PARAGEST| 500| 5000| | 8| TAB DICLOFENAC| TAB REACTIN| 50| 3400| | 9| TAB AMLODIPINE| TAB AGINAL 5| 5| 350| | 10| TAB ATENOLOL| TAB ATENOLOL| 50| 560| | 11| ANTI DIABETICS (ORAL HYPOGLYCAEMICS)| GLIBENCLAMID+METFORMIN| | 500| | 12| TAB COTRIMOXAZOLE(BACTRIM/SEPTRAN)| TAB TRIMETHOPRIM+SULPHA| | 1000| | 13| TAB CETRIZINE| TAB CETRIZINE 10| 10mg| 750| | 4| TAB METRONIDAZOLE| TAB TYGYL| 200| 750| | 15| TAB OFLOXACIN | TAB OLX| 200mg| 760| | 16| TAB CALCIUM| TAB INTACAL D| -| 1850| | 17| TAB CHLOROQUINE| TAB CHQ| 250MG| 2000| | 18| TAB CEFIXIME| TAB KYXIME| 200mg| 600| | 19| SYP COUGH(TERBUTALLINE, GUAPHESASIN,AMBROXYL)| SYP COFF| | 260| | 20| SYP ANTACID| SYP ANTACID| | 120| | 21| TAB PREDNISOLONE| TAB PREDNISOLONE| 5mg| 750| | 22| SYP B COMPLEX| SYP MULTIBION| | 110| | 23| SYP URINARY ALKALISER| SYPALTRACIOL| | 9| SAMPLES PROVIDED| 24| TAB FOLIC ACID| -| -| | PROVIDED ALONG WITH IRON TABS| 25| TAB ECOSPRIN/ASPIRIN| -| 75mg| -| N/A| 6| TAB NIMESULIDE +PARACETAMOL| TAB NIMESULIDE+PARACETAMOL| | 1250| | 27| ANTISEPTIC CREAM (ZINC OXIDE,PLUS)| CREAM BURNHEAL| | 10| | 28| TAB CIPROFLOXACIN 250| TAB LUCIPRO 250| 250| 810| | 29| TAB CIPROFLOXACIN 500| TAB ANGECIP500| 500| 1000| | 30| DICLOFENAC GEL| DICLOFENAC GEL| | 96| | 31| TAB DICYCLOMINE+DICLOFENAC| TAB DICLO+DYCLOMINE| | 1000| | 32| TAB PARACETAMOL+TRAMADOL| -| -| -| N/A| 33| TAB METHYL ERGOMETRINE 0. 125MG| TAB MEMCAD| 0. 25| 230| | 34| TAB DOXYLAMINE+PYRIDOXE+FOLICACID (OBST. )| TAB PREGVOM PLUS| | 200| | 35| TAB ONDANSETRON DT| TAB ONCORT DT| | 230| | 36| TAB AMOXYCILLIN| TAB AMOXYCILLIN 200| 200| 58| | 37| TAB AMOXYCILLIN DICLOXACILLIN| TAB AMOXY-DICLOXA| | 1000| | 38| TAB CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE| TAB CPM| -| 2900| | 39| TAB DOMPERIDONE| TAB LUPIDOM| 10| 1000| | 40| TAB LEVOFLOXACIN| TAB LEVOFLOXACIN| | 250| | | SKIN ( DERMATOLOGY) (MEDICINES OT HER THAN ALREADY LISTED ABOVE)| | | | CONTACT DR S. PATIDAR: 09428975702| 1| TAB DIOMINIC/SIMILAR COMBINATION (DEX CPM)| -| -| -| AVAILABLE SEPARATELY| 2| TAB L-DIO1/ SIMILAR (LEVOCETRIZINE)| -| -| -| CETRIZINE AVAILABLE| 3| TAB FOLE/FLUCOS ( FLUCONAZOLE)| TAB FLUCANOZOLE| 150MG| 150| | 4| CANDID CREAM (CLOTRIMAZOLE) CREAM| CREAM CLOCIP| | 18| | 5| CREAM COSVATEG/SIMILAR (CLOBESTATOL+GENTAMYCIN)| CREAM COBAT GM| | 120| | 6| TAB PRUGO ( HYDROXIZINE) | -| 10/25 mg| -| N/A| 7| TAB METHYL PREDNISOLONE| -| 4/8 mg| -| PLAIN PREDNISOLONE AVAILABLE| 8| FUTOP/SIMILAR (FUSIDIC ACID ) CREAM| -| -| -| N/A| 9| MELALITE PLUS CREAM| -| -| -| N/A| | | | | | | | | | | | | PAEDIATRICS (MEDICINES OTHER THAN ALREADY LISTED ABOVE)| | | | DR DIPESH GUPTA 02665-220712/222711| 1| DROPS PARACETAMOL| DROPS PCM| -| 70| | 2| SYP IBUPROFEN PARACETAMOL| SYP IBUSTAL| -| 110| | 3| SYP AMOXYCILLIN| SYP AMOXYCILLIN| 200MG| 58| | 4| SYP CEFIXIME| SYP SAXIM| 50MG| 120| | 5| SYP OFLOX+ ORNIDAZOLE| | | | | 6| SYP ONDANSETRON| | | | | 7| ORS POWDER PACKETS| -| | 120| | 8| DROPS- COLD| DROPS MEGACOLD BR| | 60| | 9| SYP MATFURA| SYP METRONIDAZOLE| | 100| | | | | | | |

Reviews on Financial Risk Management Essay

The definition and types of financial risk III. Risk management and the theoretical foundation IV. The process of financial risk management V. The challenges faced by the modern financial risk management theories ?Abstract? Financial risks are exposures of uncertainties for those participants in financial market. Financial risks can be divided into four categories: market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and operational risk. Risk management has become more and more crucial for a market participant to survive in the highly competitive market. As the development of the global financial market, there are many phenomena that cannot be explained by traditional financial risk management theories. These phenomena have accelerated the development of behavioral finance and economic physics. The financial management theories have already improved a lot over the past decades, but still facing some challenges. Therefore, this report will review some important issues in the financial risk management; introduce some theoretical foundation of financial risk management, and discuss the challenges faced by the modern financial risk management. I. Introduction Financial risk is one of the basic characteristics of financial system and financial activities. And financial risk management has become an important component of the economic and financial system since the occurrence of financial in human society. Over the past few decades, economic globalization spread across the world with the falling down of the Bretton Woods system. Under above background, the financial markets have become even more unstable due to some significant changes. Many events happened during the decades, including the â€Å"Black Monday† of the year 1987, the stock crisis in Japan in 1990, the European monetary crisis in 1992, the financial storm of Asia in 1997, the bankruptcy of Long-Term Capital Management in 1998, and the most recent global financial crisis triggered in the year 2008. All these changes brought enormous destruction of the smooth development of the world economy and the financial market. At the same time, they also helped people realized the necessity and urgency of the financial risk management. Why did the crisis happened and how to avoid the risk as much as possible? These questions have been endowed more significant meaning for the further development of the economy. Therefore, this report will review some important issues in the financial risk management; introduce some theoretical foundation of financial risk management, and discuss the challenges faced by the modern financial risk management. II. The Definition and Types of Financial Risk The word â€Å"risk† itself is neutral, which means we cannot define risk a good thing or bad. Risk is one of the internal features of human behavior, and it comes from the uncertainty of the future results. Therefore, briefly speaking, risk can be defined as the exposure to uncertainty. In the definition of risk, there are two extremely important factors: first is uncertainty. Uncertainty can be considered as the distribution of the possibility of one or more results. To study risk, we need to have a precise description about the possibility of the risk. However, from the point view of a risk manager, the possible result in the future and the characteristic of the possibility distribution are usually unknown, so subjective factors are frequently needed when making decisions. The second factor is the exposure to uncertainty. Different human activities were influenced at different level to the same uncertainty. For example, the future weather is uncertain to everyone, but the influence it has over agriculture can be far deeper than that over finance industry or other industry. Based on the above description about risk, we could have a clearer definition of financial risk. Financial risk is the exposure to uncertainty of the participants in the financial market activities. The participants mainly refer to financial institutions and non-financial institutions, usually not including ndividual investors. Financial risk arises through countless transactions of a financial nature, including sales and purchases, investments and loans, and various other business activities. It can arise as a result of legal transactions, new projects, mergers and acquisitions, debt financing, the energy component of costs, or through the activities of management, stockholders, competitors, foreign governments, or weather. (Karen A. Horcher). Financial risk can be divided into the following types according to the different sources of risk. A. Market risk. Market risk  is the  risk  that the value of a portfolio, either an investment portfolio or a trading portfolio. It will decrease due to the change in value of the market risk factors. The four standard market risk factors are stock prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and commodity prices. The influence of these market factors have over the financial participants can be both direct and indirect, like through competitors, suppliers or customers. B. Credit risk. Credit risk  is an investor’s risk of loss arising from a borrower who does not make payments as promised. Such an event is called a  default. Almost all the financial transactions have credit risk. Recent years, with the development of the internet financial market, the problem of internet finance credit risk also became prominent. C. Liquidity risk. Liquidity risk  is the risk that a given security or asset cannot be traded quickly enough in the market to prevent a loss. Liquidity risk arises from situations in which a party interested in trading an  asset  cannot do it because nobody in the  market  wants to trade that asset. Liquidity risk becomes particularly important to parties who are about to hold or currently hold an asset, since it affects their ability to trade. D. Operational risk. Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events. Nowadays, the study and management of operational risk is getting more attention. The organizations are trying to perfect their internal control to minimize the possibility of risk. At the same time, the mature theory of other subjects, such as operational research methods, are also introduced to the management of operational risk. Overall, financial risk management is a process to deal with the uncertainty resulting from financial markets. It involves assessing the financial risks facing an organization and developing management strategies consistent with internal priorities and policies. Addressing financial risks proactively may provide an organization with a competitive advantage. It also ensures that management, operational staff, stockholders, and the board of directors are in agreement on key issues. III. Risk Management and the Theoretical Foundation Financial market participant’s attitude towards risk can be basically divided into the following categories. A. Avoid risk. It is irrational for some companies to think that they can avoid the financial risks though their careful management because of the following reasons. First of all, risk is the internal feature of human activities. Even though it doesn’t have direct influence, it could generate indirect influence though the competitors, suppliers or customers. Moreover, sometimes it might be a better choice for the manager of the company to accept risk. For example, when the profit margin of the company is higher than the market profit margin, the manager can increase the value of the company by using financial leverage principle. Obviously, it will be harder to increase the value of a company if the manager is always using the risk avoidance strategy. B. Ignore risk. Some participants tend to ignore the existence of risks in their financial activities, thus they will not take any measures to manage the risk. According to a research of Loderer and Pichler, almost all the Swedish multinational companies ignored the exchange rate risk that they are facing. C. Diversify risk. Many companies and institutions choose to diversify risk by putting eggs into different baskets, which means reaching the purpose of lower risk by holding assets of different type and low correlation. And the cost is relatively low. However, as to small corporations or individuals, diversifying risk is somehow unrealistic. Meanwhile, modern asset portfolio theory also tells us that diversifying risk could only lower the unsystematic risk, but not systematic risk. D. Manage risk. Presently, most people have realized that financial risk cannot be eliminated, but it could get managed though the financial theory and tools. For instance, participants can break down the risk they are exposed to by using financial engineering methods. After keeping some necessary risk, diversify the rest risk to others by using derivatives. But why do we need financial risk management? In other words, what is the theoretical foundation of the existence of financial risk management? The early financial theory argues that financial risk management is not necessary. The Nobel Prize winner Miller ;amp; Modigliani pointed out that in a perfect market, financial measures like hedging cannot influence the firm’s value. Here the perfect market refers to a market without tax or bankruptcy cost, and the market participants own the complete information. Therefore, the managers do not need to worry about financial risk management. The similar theory also says that even though there will be slight moves in the short run, in the long run, the economy will move relatively stable. So the risk management that is used to prevent the loss in short term is just a waste of time and resource. Namely, there is no financial risk in the long run, so the financial risk management in the short run will just offset the firm’s profits, and therefore reduce the firm’s value. However, in reality, financial risk management has already roused more and more attention. The need for risk management theory and measures soar to unprecedented heights for both the regulator and participants of the financial market. Those who think risk management is necessary argue that the need for risk management is mainly based on the imperfection of the market and the risk aversion manager. Since the real economy and the financial market are not perfect, the manager can increase a firm’s value by managing risk. The imperfection of the financial market is shown in the following aspects. First, there are various types of tax existing in the real market. And these taxes will influence the earning flow of the firm, and also the firm’s value. So the Modigliani ;amp; Miller theory does not work for the real economy. Secondly, there is transaction cost in the real market. And the smaller the transaction is, the higher the cost. Last but not least, the financial market participants cannot obtain the complete information. Therefore, firms can benefit from risk management. First, the firm can get stable cash flow, and thus avoid the external financing cost caused by the cash flow shortage, decrease the fluctuation range of the stock and keep a good credit record of the company. Secondly, a stable cash flow can guarantee that a company can invest successfully when the opportunity occurs. And it gets some competitive advantage compared to those who don’t have stable cash flow. Thirdly, since a firm possesses more resource and knowledge than an individual, which means it could have more complete information and manage financial risks more efficiently. If the manager of a firm is risk aversion, he can improve the manager’s utility through financial risk management. Many researches show that the financial risk management activities have close relation to the manager’s aversion to risk. For example, Tufano studied the risk management strategy of American gold industry, and found that the risk management of firms in that industry has close relation to the contract that the managers signed about reward and punishment contracts. The managers and employees are full of enthusiasm about risk management is because that they put great amount of invisible capital in the firm. The invisible capital includes human capital and specific skills. So the financial risk management of the firms became some natural reaction to protect their devoted assets. In conclusion, although controversy is still going on about the financial risk management, there is no doubt that the theory and tools of financial risk management is adopted and used by market participants, and continue to be enriched and innovated. IV. The Process of Financial Risk Management The process of financial risk management comprises strategies that enable an organization to manage the risks associated with financial markets. Risk management is a dynamic process that should evolve with an organization and its business. It involves and impacts many parts of an organization including treasury, sales, marketing, tax, commodity, and corporate finance. Company’s financial risk management can be divided into three major steps, namely identification or confirmation risk, measure risk and manage risk. Let’s illustrate it using the market risk as an example. First, confirm the market risk factors that have a significant influence to the company, and then measure the risk factors. At present, the frequently used measure of market risk approach can be divided into the relative measure and absolute measure. A. The relative measure method It mainly measures the sensitivity relationship between the market factors fluctuations and financial asset price changes, such as the duration and convexity. B. The absolute measure methods It includes variance or standard deviation and the absolute deviation indicator, mini max and value at risk (VaR). VaR originated in the 1980s’, which is defined the maximum loss that may occur within a certain confidence level. In mathematics, VaR is expressed as an investment vehicle or a combination of profit and loss distribution of ? -quantile, which stated as follows: Pr ( ? p ;lt;= – VaR ) = ? , where, ? p said that the investment loss in the holding period within the confidence level (1 –? ). For example, if the VaR of a company is 100 million U. S. ollars in 95% confidence level of 10 days, which means in the next 10 days, the risk of loss that occurred more than 1 million U. S. dollars may of only 5%. Through this quantitative measure, company can clear its risks and thus have the ability to carry out the next step targeted quantitative risk management activities. (Guanghui Tian) The last step is management risk. Once the company identified the major risks and have a quantitative grasp of these risks through risk-measurement methods, those companies can use various tools to manage the risk quantitatively. There are different types of risk for different companies, even the same company at different stages of development. So it requires specific conditions for the optimization of different risk management strategies. In general, when the company considers its risk exposure more than it could bear, the following two methods can be used to manage the risk. The first way is changing the company’s operating mode, to make the risk back to a sustainable level. This method is also known as â€Å"Operation Hedge†. Companies can adjust the supply channels of raw materials, set up production plants in the sales directly or adjust the volume of inflow and outflow of foreign exchange and other methods to achieve above purpose. The second way is adjust the company’s risk exposure through financial markets. Companies can take advantage of the financial markets. Companies can take advantage of the financial markets wide range of products and tools to hedge its risk, which means to offset the risk that the company may face through holding a contrary position. Now various financial derivative instruments provide a sufficient and diverse selection of products. Derivative products are financial instruments whose value is attached to some other underlying assets. These basic subject matters may be interest rates, exchange rates, bonds, stocks, stock index and commodity prices, but also can be a credit, the weather and even a snowfall in some ski showplace. Common derivatives include forward contracts, swaps, futures and options and so on. V. The Challenges Faced by the Modern Financial Risk Management Theory Over the recent years, as the focus of risk management hifts from a control function to one of global financial optimization, the concern shifts from modeling the behavior of engineered contracts in selected markets to modeling the evolution of the entire economy. This change of focus calls for a vastly improved ability to model the time evolution of economic quantities. (Sergio Focardi). While those who do risk management are interested in predicting if assets will go up or down, the over-riding interest is in the relationship in movement to different assets. Though linear methods such as variance-covariance help to understand the co-movements of markets, a different set of tools is necessary to better manage risk. (Jose Scheinkman). Paradigms such as learning, nonlinear dynamics and statistical mechanics will affect how risk – from market and credit risk to operational risk – is managed. While the first attempts to use some of these tools were focused on predicting market movements, it is now clear that these methodologies might positively influence many other aspects of economics. For instance, they could be useful in understanding phenomena such as price formation, the emergence of bankruptcy chains, or patterns of boom-and-bust cycles. Lars Hansen, Homer J. Livingston professor of economics at the University of Chicago, remarks that these new paradigms will bring to asset pricing and risk management at enhanced understanding once the implicit underlying fundamentals are better understood. He says â€Å"What needed is a formal specification of the market structure, the microeconomic uncertainty, and the investor preferences that is consistent with the posited nonlinear models. Commenting on the need to bring together the pricing of financial assets and the real economy, he notes that an understanding of what’s behind pricing leads to a better understanding of how assets behave. â€Å"For risk management decisions that entail long-run commitments,† he observes, â€Å"it is particularly important to understand, beyond a purely statistical model, what is governing the underlying movements in security prices. † Blake LeBaron, professor of economics at the University of Wisconsin-Medison, observes that there is now more interest in macro moves than in individual markets. But traditional macroeconomics typically provides only point forecasts of macro aggregates. In the risk management context, a simple point forecast is not sufficient; a complete validated probabilistic framework is needed to perform operations such as hedging or optimization. One is after an entire statistical decision-making process. The big issue is the distinction between forecasts and decisions. (Blake LeBaron) Arriving at an entire statistical decision-making process implies reaching a better scientific explanation of economic reality. New theories are attempting to do so through models that reflect empirical data more accurate than traditional models. These models will improve our ability to forecast economic and financial phenomena. The endeavor is not without its challenges. Our ability to model the evolution of the economy is limited. Prof. Scheinkman notes that unlike in a physical system where better data and more computing power can lead to better predictions, in social systems when a new level of understanding is gained, agents start to use new methods. Prof. Scheinkman says â€Å"Less ambitious goals have to be set. Gaining an understanding of the broad features of how the structure of an economic system evolves or of relationships between parts of the system might be all that can be achieved. Prof. Scheinkman remarks that we might have to concentrate on finding those patterns of economic behavior that are not destroyed, at least not in the short-run, by the agent learning process. VI. Conclusion The theory foundation of modern financial risk management is the Efficient Markets Hypothesis, which notes that financial market is a linear balanced system. In this system, investors are rational, and they make their investment decision with rational expectations. This hypothesis shows that the changing of the future price of financial assets has no relation with the history information, and the return on assets should obey normal distribution. However, the study of economic physics shows that financial market is a very complicated nonlinear system. At the same time, behavioral finance tells us that investors are not all rational when making decisions. They usually cannot completely understand the situation they are facing unlike hypothesized. And most times they will have cognitive bias, when they use experience or intuition as the basis of making decisions. It will lead to irrational phenomena like overreaction and under reaction when reflected on investment behaviors. Therefore, it will be meaningful to study how to improve the existing financial risk management tools, especially how to introduce the nonlinear science and behavior study into the measurement of financial risk.

Measure for Measure Act 2 - Analysis

Our Measure for Measure Study Guide is packed with scene-by-scene analysis for this classic Shakespeare play. Here we focus on  Measure for Measure  Act 2 analysis to guide you through the plot. Act 2, Scene 1 Angelo is defending his actions by saying that the law must change in order that the people continue to have fear and respect of it. He compares the law to a scarecrow which after time, no longer scares the birds but acts as a perch for them. Escalus urges Angelo to be more temperate, he tells him that Claudio is from a good family and that he could have easily been promoted to a similar position as Angelo’s. He asks Angelo to be fair, saying: â€Å"Whether you had not sometime in your life Erred in this point which now you censure him†. Escalus questions Angelo wondering whether he is being hypocritical. Angelo admits to being tempted but says he has never given in to his temptation: â€Å"Tis one thing to be tempted, Escalus, another thing to fall† He says that he would expect the same treatment if he transgressed but acknowledged that he could well have done in another circumstance. Angelo talks about the fine line between criminals and those who pass the law, we are all capable of criminality but some have the power to prosecute others that don’t. Angelo orders the Provost to execute Claudio and nine the next morning. Escalus hopes that heaven will forgive Claudio and Angelo for condemning him; he feels sorry for Claudio who has only made one small mistake, and contemplates Angelo’s fate for potentially committing worse actions and going unpunished: â€Å"Well heaven forgive him, and forgive us all! Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. Some run from brakes of vice, and answer none; and some condemned for a fault alone† Enter Elbow a constable, Froth a foolish gentleman, Pompey, and officers. Elbow explains that he is the Duke’s constable. He often gets his words muddled so it makes it difficult for Angelo to question him. He has brought Froth and Pompey to him for being in a brothel. Froth confesses to working for Mistress Overdone and Escalus tells the men that working in prostitution is illegal and punishable and that they should not be seen in a brothel again. Escalus then asks Elbow to bring him the names of other worthy constables. He reflects on Claudio’s fate with regret but feels that nothing can be done about it. Act 2 Scene 2 The Provost is hoping that Angelo will relent. Angelo enters; The Provost asks him if Claudio will die the next day. Angelo tells him that of course he will die and asks him why he is being questioned on the matter. Angelo tells the Provost that he should get on with his job. The Provost explains that Juliet is about to give birth, he asks Angelo what should be done with her. Angelo tells him to: â€Å"Dispose of her to some more fitter place and that with speed.† The Provost explains that a very virtuous maid, the sister of Claudio wishes to speak with Angelo. It is explained to Angelo that she is a nun. Isabella implores Angelo to condemn the crime but not the man who committed it. Angelo says that the crime is already condemned. Urged on by Lucio to be less cold, Isabella further entreats Angelo to free her brother; she says that had Claudio been in Angelo’s position he would not have been so stern. Angelo tells Isabella that Claudio will die; she tells him that Claudio is not ready and pleads with him to give him a stay of execution. Angelo’s will appears to be bending as Isabella is told to return tomorrow. Isabella says: â€Å"Hark how I’ll bribe you, good my lord, turn back.† This pricks Angelo’s interest: â€Å"How bribe me?† She offers to pray for him. Angelo is sexually attracted to Isabella but is confused because he is more attracted to her because she is virtuous. He says: â€Å"O let her brother live!... What do I love her†.